This article from IBM's developerWorks website introduces basic Linux concurrency concepts. Concurrency (i.e. multi-processing) refers to the situation where more than one “application” is running at a time. Linux hosts always fill their process tables with a bunch of more-or-less simultaneous programs: network protocol daemons, cron managers, the kernel itself, and often much more. Linux is a multi-tasking operating system and it's built for this.

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